Principal of laparoscopic surgery

Principal of laparoscopic surgery :

#What is the principle of laparoscopic surgery?

                Laparoscopic view

Before we explain the basic principles of laparoscopic surgery, let’s understand what laparoscopic surgery is:

Invented by George Kelling in 1901, in 1901, uses several 0.5-1cm incisions along with a small camera to detect and treat any illness in the pelvic or the adnominal area.

Laparoscopic surgery is minimally invasive and causes almost no trauma.This means a person who has undergone a laparoscopic surgery recovers quickly. If a condition can be treated with laparoscopic surgery, then the patient need not undergo an open surgery.

Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical or keyhole surgery procedure that allows the surgeon to have a look at the inside of the abdomen referred to as minimally invasive surgery (MIS), keyhole surgery.

The procedure:

In addition to viewing the inside of the patient’s abdomen or pelvis, the doctor can also obtain biopsy samples for further plan future treatment  and even perform minor or major surgical procedures.

Over the last 10 years, the use of this technique has expanded into intestinal surgery. In traditional “open” surgery the surgeon uses a single incision to enter into the abdomen. Laparoscopic surgery uses several 0.5-1cm incisions. Each incision is called a “port.”

At each port, a tubular instrument known as a trochar (10mm&5mm) is inserted into the abdomen  and a special high resolution  camera attached with laparoscope (10mm telescope )  a cold light source, and surgical instruments. The cold light source, preferably Xenon or Halogen illuminates the affected area to enable the camera to take clear images of the organs and transmit them onto a television monitor. passed through the trochars and also laparoscopic instruments (10mm&5mm) are also introduced from other side of the trocar during the procedure. 

At the beginning of the procedure, the abdomen is inflated with carbon dioxide gas to provide a working and viewing space for the surgeon. This gas is harmless it is used for creating space under the abdomen. 

The laparoscope transmits images from the abdominal cavity to high-resolution video monitors in the operating room. During the operation, the surgeon watches detailed images of the abdomen on the monitor. This system allows the surgeon to perform the same operations as traditional surgery but with smaller incisions.

The principle on which laparoscopic surgeries are carried out is robotic surgery. This means, instead of using the surgical instruments, the surgeon uses a robot’s mechanical arms.

 The principles are:

1. Reduce the risk of bleeding during surgery.

2. Reduce pain after surgery.

3. Reduce complications post surgery.

Many benefits of this surgery type include:

• Less internal scarring

• Faster recovery 

• Less pain

• Smaller scares